Story Structure — 4 Plot Phases
Exile and Advocacy
Gretel competes successfully in the UK while Nazi racial laws force her father to protect her. International pressure mounts as the IOC demands Jewish athlete inclusion for the Berlin Games.
Key Events
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Gretel Wins UK Championship — Gretel dominates the UK high jump championships, establishing her elite status. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: United Kingdom
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Father's Protective Decision — Her father sends her to England to escape Nazi racial laws. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: Germany/England
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IOC Demands Jewish Inclusion — Americans and the IOC pressure the Nazi committee to include Jewish athletes. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: Berlin
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Gretel's UK Championship Win — Gretel establishes her elite status in high jump abroad. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: United Kingdom
Return and Sabotage
Threats against her family compel Gretel to return to Germany. Coach Waldmann initially supports her fairly, but Nazi officials dismiss him and install the loyalist Kulmbach.
Key Events
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Gretel Returns to Germany — Threats against her family force Gretel to return to the training camp. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: Germany
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Waldmann's Impartial Coaching — Coach Waldmann evaluates Gretel purely on athletic merit. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Hans Waldmann
Location: Training Camp
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Nazi Officials Dismiss Waldmann — Party officials fire Waldmann for his sportsmanship and replace him. Characters: Hans Waldmann, Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Nazi Headquarters
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Family Threats Emerge — Nazi threats against her relatives force her return to the training camp. Characters: Gretel Bergmann
Location: Germany
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Kulmbach's Party Loyalty — Kulmbach is appointed specifically for his unwavering allegiance to the regime. Characters: Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Nazi Headquarters
Secrets and Exclusion
Kulmbach psychologically attacks Gretel while she bonds with roommate Marie. Gretel is suddenly removed from the team, and Marie discovers both Gretel's exclusion and her own hidden identity.
Key Events
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Kulmbach's Psychological Warfare — New coach Kulmbach systematically undermines Gretel's confidence. Characters: Sigfrid Kulmbach, Gretel Bergmann
Location: Training Camp
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Roommates and Rivals — Gretel and Marie share a room while competing for the same event. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Marie Ketteler
Location: Dormitory
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Bonding Under Pressure — A genuine friendship develops despite external Nazi threats. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Marie Ketteler
Location: Dormitory
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Gretel's Sudden Exclusion — Days before the Games, Gretel is falsely removed from the team. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Olympic Committee
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Marie Takes the Spot — Marie is officially promoted to replace Gretel in the high jump. Characters: Marie Ketteler, Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Olympic Committee
The Deliberate Loss
Marie decides to intentionally fail the final jump to thwart Nazi propaganda. The Olympic final unfolds with high stakes, culminating in a quiet moment of defiance and triumph.
Key Events
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Marie Takes the Spot — Marie is officially promoted to replace Gretel in the high jump. Characters: Marie Ketteler, Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Olympic Committee
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Discovery of Marie's Secret — Gretel notices Marie's unusual habits and uncovers his true male identity. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Marie Ketteler
Location: Dormitory
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Marie Learns the Truth — Marie realizes Gretel was unjustly excluded and decides to act. Characters: Marie Ketteler, Gretel Bergmann
Location: Dormitory
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The Deliberate Loss Plan — Marie resolves to sabotage the Nazi victory by intentionally failing. Characters: Marie Ketteler
Location: Dormitory
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Olympic High Jump Final — The decisive competition begins with high stakes for Germany. Characters: Marie Ketteler, Gretel Bergmann
Location: Olympic Stadium
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Marie Misses the Bar — Marie deliberately knocks down the bar, securing only fourth place. Characters: Marie Ketteler
Location: Olympic Stadium
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Nazi Officials Dumbstruck — German officials are left speechless by the unexpected failure. Characters: Sigfrid Kulmbach
Location: Olympic Stadium
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Secret Smile of Victory — The two athletes share a quiet moment of triumph over Nazi ideology. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Marie Ketteler
Location: Olympic Stadium
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Defeat of Nazi Ambitions — Their united opposition successfully thwarts the regime's propaganda goals. Characters: Gretel Bergmann, Marie Ketteler
Location: Olympic Stadium
Berlin 36 is a 2009 German film telling the fate of Jewish athlete Gretel Bergmann in the 1936 Summer Olympics. She was replaced by the Nazi regime by an athlete later discovered to be a man. The film is based on a true story and was released in Germany on September 10, 2009. Reporters at Der Spiegel challenged the historical basis for many of the events in the film, pointing to arrest records and medical examinations indicating German authorities did not learn Dora Ratjen was male until 1938.