Plot Analysis Summary
A politically charged tragedy portrays Hamlet's isolation, his doomed romance with Ophelia, and the court intrigue surrounding his surveillance.
Story Structure — 5 Plot Phases
Mourning at Elsinore
Hamlet arrives at Elsinore and enters a court defined by mourning and public ceremony. The castle is visually established as a metaphorical prison.
Key Events
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Arrival at Elsinore — Hamlet arrives at Elsinore and joins the court's mourning. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Elsinore
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The Mourning Court — The court is presented through mourning and public ceremony. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Elsinore court
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Castle as Prison — The castle is visually emphasized as a prison surrounding Hamlet. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Castle
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The Silent Vigil — A wordless vigil awaits the appearance of the ghost. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Elsinore
The Ghostly Vigil
A largely wordless vigil awaits the ghost's appearance. The supernatural revelation deepens Hamlet's isolation within the court.
Key Events
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Ghostly Appearance — The awaited ghost appears during the vigil. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Elsinore
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Public Political World — Ambassadors and courtiers reveal the court's political and public dimension. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Court avenues
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Bars and Grates — Repeated views through bars and grates reinforce the prison imagery. Characters: Hamlet
Location: Castle
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Ophelia Behind Iron — Ophelia's iron farthingale embodies confinement within the political environment. Characters: Hamlet, Ophelia
Location: Court
Love Behind Bars
The film connects Hamlet and Ophelia through a tragic romance. Ophelia's iron costume and descent into madness embody the human cost of the political environment.
Key Events
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Tragic Romance — Hamlet and Ophelia's tragic romance becomes a personal counterpoint to court politics. Characters: Hamlet, Ophelia
Location: Court
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Ophelia's Decline — Ophelia's descent into madness parallels Hamlet's intellectual torment. Characters: Hamlet, Ophelia
Location: Court
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Friends Summoned — Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are summoned into the court's monitoring of Hamlet. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Court
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Court Surveillance — The two courtiers gather intelligence about Hamlet's erratic behavior and melancholy. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Court
Friends as Spies
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are brought into the court's surveillance of Hamlet. Their assignment transforms friendship into political suspicion.
Key Events
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Friendship Under Suspicion — Former friends become instruments of political observation around Hamlet. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Castle
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Voyage to England — The resequenced material illustrates the voyage to England and its political stakes. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Voyage to England
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Outwitting the Courtiers — Hamlet outwits Rosencrantz and Guildenstern during the voyage to England. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Voyage to England
Silence After Intrigue
The voyage to England illustrates Hamlet's outwitting of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. The film concludes with Hamlet's reduced final words and a stark contrast between court tragedy and ordinary people.
Key Events
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Political Exile — The England journey extends the court's conspiracy beyond Elsinore. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: England voyage
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Truncated Act Four — Act Four material is shortened and resequenced to emphasize the voyage and deception. Characters: Hamlet, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: England voyage
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Political Pressure Peaks — Personal suffering and political confinement converge within the court's prison imagery. Characters: Hamlet, Ophelia, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern
Location: Court and castle
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Silence at the End — Hamlet's final speech is reduced to the words, "The rest is silence." Characters: Hamlet
Location: Elsinore
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Ordinary People Endure — The film contrasts court tragedy with ordinary people who only wish to live peacefully. Characters: Hamlet, Ophelia
Location: Castle surroundings
Shakespeare's 17th century masterpiece about the "Melancholy Dane" was given one of its best screen treatments by Soviet director Grigori Kozintsev. Kozintsev's Elsinore was a real castle in Estonia, utilized metaphorically as the "stone prison" of the mind wherein Hamlet must confine himself in order to avenge his father's death. Hamlet himself is portrayed (by Innokenti Smoktunovsky) as the sole sensitive intellectual in a world made up of debauchers and revellers. Several of Kozintsev directorial choices seem deliberately calculated to inflame the purists: Hamlet's delivers his "To be or not to be" soliloquy with his back to the camera, allowing the audience to fill in its own interpretations.